The Association of Duration of HIV/AIDS Infection with Physical Complaints in Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-sectional Study
Keywords:
HIV/AIDS, Duration of Infection, Physical Complaints, antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic infectionAbstract
Abstract. Background: Physical complaints in HIV/AIDS patients can be affected by the duration of infection and disease progression. Although antiretroviral therapy (ARV) is effective in suppressing viral replication, patients with longer infections are still at risk of experiencing a variety of health complaints. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the duration of HIV/AIDS infection and physical complaints in patients undergoing ARV therapy.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in one of the health centers in Kediri City. The study population is HIV patients in Indonesia, with a sample selected by simple random sampling. The independent variable is the duration of infection, which is the time from the time the patient tested positive for HIV until data collection was carried out. The dependent variable is the physical complaints experienced by the patient, which are collected using questionnaires. Data collection involved four enumerators from the Health Center. The data was analyzed using statistical tests to see the relationship between the duration of infection and the physical complaints of patients.
Results: Of the 49 respondents, it was found that 53.1% experienced physical complaints, with gastric disorders and often confused as the most common complaints. However, only cough complaints had a significant association with the duration of HIV/AIDS infection (p-value = 0.043). Demographic factors such as gender, marital status, and education level did not show a significant relationship with patient complaints.
Conclusions: The duration of HIV/AIDS infection is related to the appearance of certain physical complaints, especially cough, which may indicate the presence of opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis. Therefore, regular health monitoring for patients with a longer duration of infection is essential. Health workers need to increase education about ARV therapy compliance and complication prevention strategies. Further research with a longitudinal design and a larger sample size is needed to understand the long-term impact of HIV/AIDS on the physical condition of patients.
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