THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN COMBATING ROOT ROT DISEASE IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.): AN OVERVIEW

Ahmed Nabeel Saeed; Amina Zuhair Younis AL-Hafidh; Najwa Ibrahim Khaleel

Авторы

Ahmed Nabeel Saeed Department of Biology, College of education for pure science, University of Mosul, Iraq
Amina Zuhair Younis AL-Hafidh Department Agricultural Extension college of Agricultural and forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq
Najwa Ibrahim Khaleel Department of Biology, College of education for pure science, University of Mosul, Iraq

Ключевые слова:

Yellow Corn, Agricultural Extension, Root Rot, Systemic Fungicides

Аннотация

This article was prepared to determine what agricultural extension is doing to help control yellow corn root rot, what problems farmers are having in this control, and how to solve these problems. The other aim of the article was to control root rot chemically, and it was discovered that the fungi responsible for the root rot were Bipolaris, Fusarium, Helminthosporium which are highly capable of causing root rot. All corn varieties were also found to be susceptible to the disease and all the varieties were affected by the root rot under different degrees of infection each variety was given with severity varying from one variety to the other. Chemical control with fungicides showed that Fusarium was the fungus most effectively inhibited by chemical fungicides; agricultural research indicated that the chemical fungicides (Beltanol and Topsin) were the most effective in killing the root rot-causing fungi, and were the most effective at inhibiting fungal growth; these fungicides also had a positive effect on the characteristics of corn plants, including plant height. The fungicides (Beltanol and Topsin M) were found to be effective in protecting yellow corn, increasing resistance of the plants and decreasing the fungal infection. The fungicides employed (Beltanol and Tosbin M) were very effective in controlling the disease, and some of the characteristics of the yellow corn were desirable, such as yield and plant height. In addition, agricultural research showed that potassium fertilization caused a decrease in the incidence of the root rot pathogens in yellow corn. All varieties had good growth, plant height, stem length and leaf development with potassium fertilization; and an increase in the number of leaves and a noticeable increase in stem length in the plant treated with pesticides and balanced fertilization in the case of yellow corn.

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