DETECTION OF OPRD, MEXA AND MEXB GENES IN THE CLINICAL ISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSPICIBILITY PATTERNS

Аннотация

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital acquired infection, particularly in wound and respiratory specimens. Objective: This is study aimed to detect the presence of oprD, mexA And mexB genes in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to describe their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Material and methods: One hundred clinical specimens from wound and respiratory infections were collected and processed using standard bacteriological methods. Presumptive P. aeruginosa isolates were identified phenotypically and then confirmed by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. The resistance -associated genes mexA, mexB , and oprD were screened by PCR to asses the molecular profile of the confirmed isolates.  Results: out of 100 samples , 20 isolates were confirmed as P. aeruginosa giving an isolation rate of 20% . All confirmed isolates were positive for 16S rRNA , mexA, mexB , and oprD . The universal detection of these genes indicates successful molecular confirmation and suggests the presence of efflux pump -mediated resistance and outer membrane permeability -related resistance mechanisms . Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of 16S rRNA , mexA , mexB and oprD genes in the clinical isolates of Pseudomonas arginosa Obtained from wound and respiratory samples. The isolates is also showed varying antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. However, PCR detection alone does not demonstrate gene expression or functional resistance mechanism. Therefore, the result should be interpreted as molecular detection of resistance-associated genes, not as direct proof of  carbapenem resistance or multidrug resistance. Further studies using sequencing, gene expression analysis, and function assays are needed to clarify the role of these genes in antimicrobial resistance.